Submitted by Rodeo_Pup t3_zb4qcb in askscience
Srs_Bizz t1_iyx0w77 wrote
[Answering the original question, but not the specific scenario]
One way you can inherit a recessive trait that only one parent has is via the "sex chromosomes", particularly for individuals with only one copy of X. This is why XY individuals (traditionally, gendered male) are much more prone to certain genetic birth defects than XX individuals.
For genes carried on the X chromosome, if some of these genes are missing or damaged, a detrimental mutation (such as color blindness) will be expressed in XY individuals with a higher probability than in XX individuals because XY individuals only have one X chromosome. Basically, they don't have a counterpart gene on the Y that the body can rely on in place of the corrupted code on the X.
(second paragraph adapted from Wiki entry for clarity of explanation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_chromosome#Medical_applications )
Rodeo_Pup OP t1_iyxik6h wrote
Thank you!
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