Right, it makes no sense.

I agree that comparing these learning processes to brains is bogus.

There is a general tendency to assume that if something seems intelligent, it must be like a human brain. It's like assuming that because it's fast, a car must have legs like a horse and eat oats.

This kind of model needs vastly more input data than the human brain does to learn. It doesn't make sense to compare the two.

For example, Chat GPT is trained on 570 GB of data comprising 300 billion words.

https://analyticsindiamag.com/behind-chatgpts-wisdom-300-bn-words-570-gb-data/

If a baby heard one word a second, it would take nearly 10,000 years to learn the way Chat GPT did. But babies only need a few years and hear words at a much lower average rate.

So these models don't undermine the claim of innateness at all.

I can imagine something like that happening on the Moon or Mars. Because these places are so hostile to human habitation, a space colony would probably have a long first phase where robots build the colony before the astronauts arrive in any numbers. If it came to war, the robots would fight it out among themselves.

However, the documentary fails to specify what percentage of pellets are made this way. In fact most are made from sawmill waste, which is cheaper and available in enormous volume.

In other words, there is no current need or use for this technology.

I learned it studying ancient Greek, banging my head against verb paradigms.

Not much of this is actually homemade.

Touch is handier (geddit?) but much less precise that the mouse.

• It depends a lot on what you are doing. For browsing it's convenient, but you can't do any detailed work with touch screens
• It depends on your posture. Touch isn't very useful when your computer is on a desk, but great when you are lying on a couch. If you use the same device in both positions it's a good addition.
• It depends on what you are used to. I have a touch screen mostly for casual use, but find myself occasionally touching my non-touchscreen since I started using the touch screen.

But you don't have hollow bones to pump stale air into, except in your nose.

Dinosaurs (including birds) have a circular breathing system that makes it possible to have even more extreme necks.

California could learn a lot from Kenya.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMnQ-PZzlnQ&ab_channel=SandDamsWorldwide

Every slope in the state needs to be terraced.

What California needs is widespread rain catching to reverse desertification. Tearing up all those sealed parking lots would help. Reintroducing the beaver would be a great idea. Cities should dam sluices to slow runoff.

In the mean time damming any dry wash would help. I would recommend digging a ditch to catch runoff on the lower end of your property. Put the dirt you dug out downhill of the ditch.

A lot of people have forgotten that there was a huge lake in Southern California a century ago, Lake Tulare. Poor land stewardship has turned the former lake into a desert.

No doubt financed by advertising. As soon as you start to pee, ads for all kinds of quack remedies start popping up on your TV screen, to the amusement of the rest of your family.

All the cars in the showroom of the the local Toyota dealer here (in Germany) are hybrid. They sell pretty well.

Also a lot of the cars in Germany are company cars, and there is a price range built in to the contract.

Paanini created a list of 3950 rules, each of which is a sutra, nonsense phrase to be memorized.

Consider the word glass. We create the plural by adding an s, but the rule is that we insert an e before the s. For the word cat, we don't insert an e, the s is simply added to the word. For the word dog, we add an s but pronounce it like a z. That is the kind of thing the rules deal with.

Here are the rules:

http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil/1_sanskr/6_sastra/1_gram/paniniiu.htm

The rules use lists of sounds. Instead of listing letters in some traditional random ways, like the alphabet, he grouped similar sounds and gave each group a name. He call this table the Shiva sutras, shown here:

https://www.learnsanskrit.org/panini/shivasutras/

The name comes at the end of the list, so the semivowels l and r are referred to as k.

Here's some idea of how the rules work:

He groups these lists sometimes by naming the first letter of the first list and the name of the last list, so aten means a, i, u, l, r, e and o. (at mean short a).

On of the rules is at-eṅ guṇaḥ which defines the word guṇaḥ as a, i, u, l, r, e and o, the short vowels. (l and r are sometimes vowels in Sankrit) If you search the word guṇaḥ, it's used 10 times. As far as I know it's a nonsense word he invented for his rulebook.

The official language of the Persian Empire was Aramaic, a Semitic language. The Persians sent letters Aramaic written in cuneiform to Sparta. Aramaic was the linga franca of the Middle East from about 700 BCE until about 700 CE, when another Semitic language, Arabic, took over.

Old Persian was similar in many ways to Ancient Greek, but the languages were not mutually comprehensible.

Your sons will die young, but that is a sacrifice I am willing to make.

The answer to the second question about evolution is easy: Beavers have an insanely successful strategy for avoiding predators. Before humans wiped them out, they were ubiquitous, even in areas like Nevada and Arizona, which are considered deserts now.

It is estimated that there were 200 million beavers in North America alone a few centuries ago.