This is the final stage of the Wilson cycle in plate tectonics, so you might try searching for that if you want more info. Here's a quick summary: https://polarpedia.eu/en/wilson-cycle/

An old lady gets on the bus on a cold winter day. "Thank God," she says to the driver, "I thought I was going to miss the last bus and be stuck out in the snow!"

The driver shushes her and says, "You can't say 'thank god' these days, you'll get in trouble. If you must say something, thank Comrade Stalin."

"Oh, I see," says the old woman. "But... what if something awful should happen and Comrade Stalin dies? What do I say then?"

"If Comrade Stalin dies, then you may thank God."

When trees are young, the bark is tender and can get damaged by direct sunlight (basically sunburned). Once the bark is damaged insects and diseases can infect the tree more easily. Paint protects the tree like sunblock, reflecting sunlight from the trunk so the bark isn’t damaged.

White is the most reflective color, so it’s best for preventing sun scalding. Other colors will absorb more heat/UV from sunlight so they’re not as good protection… particularly dark colors can be worse than nothing since they’ll heat up more than natural bark.

If you smell shit everywhere you go, check your own shoe.

If everyone you know is “toxic,” do some introspection… are your perceptions of them accurate and compassionate? Are you in an environment that’s unhealthy and causing relationship problems? Is everyone causing problems on their own, or are certain people causing drama everyone else reacts to? Do you need to improve your own communication skills, boundaries, or self-awareness? Etc.