I would start with what is his major? If his major isn't a business, stem, or a computer science related major, then taking a class involving coding or data science won't really be that beneficial. If he's not passionate about a specific subject, then it won't make a difference either.

He needs to be the one to determine his best path, and not you.

Really depends on how much you enjoy your current job now: responsibilities, coworkers, opportunities for growth.

Leaving for a 10k raise alone is very short term thinking. If you have good relationships at your current job, you can attempt to turn that into a 20-30% increase over the next 1-2 years.