Color consistency on most systems is barely a priority. Home screens and printers vary wildly

RGB is only for illuminated displays and even that has some pretty wild variations as most screens are not calibrated and don't even try for perfect color consistency. Your average LED/LCD screen is TFT and color accuracy isn't even a priority. Higher end screens are IPS which is at least consistent with colors across itself, you can then get ones that are calibrated to get a consistent view of the colors between computer screens

Pantone isn't for display colors, its for print colors. Most printers are CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) but again there are calibration differences. For general use the CMYK values are close enough. If you want to make 50,000,000 of something at 8 different vendors and have them all look the same you'd need to have some way to specify colors and calibrations beyond just CMYK because that doesn't adjust for if printer A is inherently a bit Cyan heavy in its prints

That's where Pantone comes in. If you specify Pantone Red 032 and everyone has a Pantone calibrated printer and their booklet of reference swatches then all of them will come out looking exactly the same despite using different equipment

>Instead they are made out of superconducting materials which have basically zero electric resistance.

There's a pedantic but critically important bit here that super conductors have actually zero resistance as long as they're below their critical temperature which means they don't dissipate any heat which is what lets them carry the crazy currents needed for the strong magnets

As soon as any part passes the critical temperature its resistance becomes not zero, it starts dissipating a ton of power, the helium nearby flash boils, more of the magnet heats up, and everything comes crashing down in a sad magnetic quench that tends to damage everything

So the magnets are cold because if they're not super cold then they're resistors not magnets and they instead get super hot

It happens when intranational transportation costs more than international for that resource/location combination

Many nations have minimal tariffs on trade from their neighbors.

For the US steel is something that freely crosses borders. Toronto may import steel from Pittsburgh while Minnesota imports from just across the Canadian border because there wasn't a price premium on it. The end result is that the US both important and exports steel but to different locations

It's all about if getting things internally is cheaper than externally. If that changes across the length of the country then some parts may import while others export